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Long Division

Look at the following division fact.

15 ÷ 3 = 5

Dividend Divisor Quotient

The number which is to be The number by which the dividend The result of division is
divided is called the dividend. is divided is called the divisor. called the quotient.

We can also represent this division fact as shown below.
5 Quotient
3 15 Divisor Dividend

This is the format of long division.

Long Division without Remainder

Example 1. Find 45 ÷ 9.

solution. Recite the 9 times table till 45. 5
1 × 9 = 9 2 × 9 = 18 3 × 9 = 27 We write 5 as the 9 4 5

4 × 9 = 36 5 × 9 = 45 quotient and subtract – 4 5
45 from 45.
So, 45 ÷ 9 = 5. 0

The Remainder

When the given number of things cannot be shared equally and something is left
over, the left over is called the Remainder.
There are 5 ice creams. Divide it into equal groups of 2.
How many groups can be formed?

After forming equal groups, one ice cream is left over. The left Quotient
over ice cream is the remainder. Divisor Dividend
In the long division method, observe the place of the remainder.

Long Division with Remainder Remainder

Example 2. Divide 7 erasers between 2 groups. Is there any eraser left over?

solution. 3 Quotient
Divisor 2 7 Dividend
– 6
1 Remainder

Each group has 3 erasers and 1 eraser is left over.

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Division